Factors affecting erosion pdf

Which of the following is not a major factor affecting soil development and its eventual productivity. Jun 07, 2017 what are the factors influencing the rate of erosion by a river in its upper course. The processes are raindrop impact and transportation of soil particles by flowing water. Soil erosion by wind occurs under dry conditions and high wind velocity. Land degradation in the form of general loss of productivity and was pervasive problem in.

This pdf is a chapter of the oregon nearshore strategy, the marine component of the official state wildlife action plan for oregon. Experimental investigation of some hydrodynamic factors affecting slurry pipeline wall erosion. Top 5 factors affecting crop production your article library. Interactive factors affecting erosion in unsurfaced roads. Factors affecting the extent of wind erosion aridity of climate. A waves strength is controlled by its fetch and the wind speed. This method is based on analyzing nine influential factors including. Factors affecting coastal erosion flashcards quizlet. The results of multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the slope gradient was the most signifi cant of all site variables in affecting erosion. Soil erosion by water 9sheet erosion soil is eroded uniformly across a slope 9rill erosion numerous tiny gullies rills. Recommendations to facilitate adoption of different swc measures include. This paper examines a the factors that affect water erosion from construction areas for the purpose of pre dicting the aniount of such erosion and b the factors that should be considered in the design of erosioncontrol devices. However, the severity of dental erosion varies among eating disorder patients and is not associated with the eating disorders duration 3, 5. The following factors affect the rivers energy and ability to erode, transport and deposit its load.

Erosion occurs when the shear force exerted by water on a soil unit exceeds the forces binding that unit to underlying soil. Analyzing factors affecting erosion and sedimentary deposits. After reading this article you will learn about wind erosion. Classification of main factors affecting erosion in unpaved roads. Factors affecting changes in erosion status in the. Erosion the incorporation and transportation of weathering products by a mobile agent such as wind, water, ice. The earth is covered with many rocks that vary in size and shape due to weathering. Channel b has a smaller a smaller wetted perimeter resulting in more vertical erosion because it has more energy left over from overcoming friction. Relief mountain regions have steep slopes which means that in the event of rain they drain quickly leaving the dry. This is where the rocks run at a right angle to the sea rather than a concordant coastline which runs parallel. Analyzing factors affecting erosion and sedimentary. Instead, other factors are presumed be involved in the progression of dental erosion. Rickson school of agriculture food and environment, cranfield university, silsoe campus, bedford mk45 4dt, uk abstract at sample locations in the swaziland middleveld comparison of erosion severity class at two dates 1972 and 1990 shows where the incidence. Given the proper conditions, these massive ice bodies advance and heavily impact the terrain.

Inherent soil and properties climate affect crop growth and how respond to applied p crops fertilizer, and regulate processes that limit p availability. Research open access factors affecting the dental erosion. Mar, 2018 climate is a major sculptor of landforms. The factors and practices are combined in a rational erosion equation for calculating field soil loss for use in application of conservation practices and in assessing land program benefits. Pdf soil is the most fundamental and basic natural resource for all life to survive. Channel a has a larger wetted perimeter which means more friction and leaves less energy to erode its bed and to transport load. The factors and practices are combined in a rational erosion equation for calculat ing field soil loss for use in application of conservation practices and in assessing. Factors affecting changes in erosion status in the swaziland. This paper discusses the two principal processes by which sheet erosion occurs and the six factors which effect the magnitude of the losses.

Water erosion is due to dispersive and transporting power of water. Weathering types of weathering, factors affecting weathering. The relationship is particularly strong if heavy rainfall occurs at times when, or in locations where, the soils surface is not well protected by vegetation. Climate also indirectly affect weathering by affecting the amount of vegetation and presence of organisms that can lead to chemical weathering. Factors affecting sheet and rill erosion smith 1957 eos. This case study explores factors involved with the adoption of swc technologies within. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library. Meader belts of the mississippi river in louisiana. Factors affecting adoption of soil and water conservation. For natural and social factors soil erosion in red soil craggy. A study underway at the university of birmingham has identified more than 2200 studies of soil erosion. Interactive factors affecting erosion in unsurfaced roads a study underway at the university of birmingham has identified more than 2200 studies of soil erosion.

Soil erosion is the main form of land degradation, caused by the interacting effects of factors, such as biophysical characteristics and socioeconomic aspects. Factors affecting soil erosion hazards and conservation needs for. So, let us start with climatic factors and the climatic factors that impact the are affect the soil erosion are rainfall, wind, humidity. Factors affecting erosion, transportation and deposition. This includes rainfall characteristics, atmospheric temperature and wind velocity 2. The term soil erosion covers a wide range of physical and chemical actions, such as removal of soluble matters, chemical changes, disintegration by frost or by rapid changes of temperature, attrition by dust charged wind, scouring by silt laden currents, alternate impact and succession by storm waves, landslides and so on fox 1950. Understanding the basic processes and factors that are responsible for inducing land degrada tion, particularly soil erosion and associated phenomena is. Frost action also takes place in the forspaces of rocks and causes disintegration and splitting of rocks into fragments. Jun 07, 2016 learn how erosion is affecting you coastline. Factors affecting species and habitats factors affecting species and habitats. In the last survey taken, blase identified the following factors to be significantly related to reductions in soil loss. Psiac empirical method is considered as one of the methods calculating and estimating the amount of erodibility and sedimentation of sedimentary deposits in sedimentary basins and dams reservoirs. Velocity is determined by amount of water flowing per unit time and by slope of the furrow.

A part of rainfall always snips into the soil on the covered rocks and looses the rock particle by dissolving it. Social and economic factors affecting the adoption of soil. The amount and intensity of precipitation is the main climatic factor governing soil erosion by water. Soil erosion reduces cropland productivity and contributes to the pollution of adjacent watercourses, wetlands and lakes. Soil erosion by water 9sheet erosion soil is eroded uniformly across a slope 9rill erosion numerous tiny gullies.

Rock weathering is greatly affected by the following parameters. Use this interactive quiz and printable worksheet to test your. Factors affecting sheet and rill erosion smith 1957. The biggest factor affecting coastal erosion is the strength of the waves breaking along the coastline.

Susceptibility to wind erosion is related rather definitely to the moisture content of soils. R rainfall runoff erosivity k soil erodibility l length of slope s slope steepness c cover practice p support practice a soil loss in. The relative effectiveness of each of the three main conservation practices in control of erosion, contour farming, strip cropping, and terracing is presented. Pdf on oct 2, 2017, g n gurjar and others published concept of wind erosion and factors affecting the rate of soil loss through the action. The identification of the mechanisms of soil erosion and factors affecting soil erosion is an. The erosion potential of any area is determined by four principal factors.

According to staehles materials degradation model, all engineering materials are reactive and their strength is quantifiable, provided that all the variables involved in a given situation are properly diagnosed and their interactions. Thermal erosion is the result of melting and weakening permafrost due to moving water. Environment agency thinksoils factors that influence erosion and runoff generic soil groups chalk and limestone soils factors that influence erosion and runoff 18 generic soils groups chalk and limestone soils 3 shallow chalk and limestone soils these thin soils are less than 30cm deep. What are the factors influencing the rate of erosion by a river in its upper course. Processes of soil formation 2,500 years the five factors of soil formation control four general processes responsible for soil. Research open access factors affecting the dental erosion severity of patients with eating disorders mitsuhiro otsu1, akira hamura1, yuiko ishikawa1, hiroyuki karibe2, tomoyasu ichijyo3 and yoko yoshinaga4 abstract background. Table 1 presents the classification of the nine important factors affecting erosion and producing sediments erodibility based on high redundancy of sediments. Factors affecting one factor that affects weathering is the total surface area of mineral or rock. Climatic and site conditions, such as rainfall and temperature, and moisture. The primary factor affecting shear force exerted by water on the soil is velocity of the water. Examples include monadnocks, which are isolate domes of resistant rocks. Differences in composition mean certain rock types are more or less resistant to erosion and weathering than others. U in construction areas fo1 the pwpose of designing protective measure. A moist, cool climate can even favor the formation of glaciers in mountains and high latitudes.

In a broad sense, over a time scale long enough that storage changes average out are negligible, and over a region large enough or with boundary defined. These were systematically screened and narrowed to 564 good studies from which 99873 data were analysed in detail. Erosion and changes in the form of river banks may be measured by inserting metal rods into the bank and marking the position of the bank surface along the rods at different times. What are the factors influencing the rate of erosion by a. However, despite the prospect of land degradation, not every farmer cultivating on unleveled ground will practice soil and water conservation swc technologies. Table 2 indicates the classification of the nine important factors affecting erosion and producing sediments erodibility based on moderate redundancy of sediments. As water and other agents strip away less resilient layers, more durable rock masses are left as outcrops, ridges or summits. Test your knowledge of the factors that increase coastal erosion remember that the opposite will decrease coastal erosion. Rickson school of agriculture food and environment, cranfield university, silsoe campus, bedford mk45 4dt, uk abstract at sample locations in the swaziland middleveld comparison of erosion severity class at two dates 1972 and 1990 shows where the. Department of chemical engineering, university of saskatchewan, saskatoon, sk s7n 0w0. Soil formation five factors of soil formation rocks parent. Physical factors affecting runoff the general climatic regime controls the total volume of runoff in any region through its effect on the water balance. Mar 19, 2004 recommendations to facilitate adoption of different swc measures include. Factors affecting soil erosion and effects of soil erosion nptel.

Nov 19, 2014 however, the severity of dental erosion varies among eating disorder patients and is not associated with the eating disorders duration 3, 5. Soils, soil characteristics and factors affecting management. Wind erosion can also take place in highrainfall climates when certain months of the year are particularly dry but only if the soil is tilled with techniques that crush the surface fine. Influencing factors and their interactions of water erosion based on. Factors affecting the dental erosion severity of patients. One of generous precipitation often induces extensive erosion through plentiful runoff and stream flow. Soil erosion can be a slow process that continues relatively unnoticed or can occur at an alarming rate, causing serious loss of topsoil. Experimental investigation of some hydrodynamic factors. The amount of water in the air and the temperature of an area are both part of an areas climate. It is again, easier for the sea to exploit the weaknesses in the rocks of a discordant coastline. R rainfall runoff erosivity k soil erodibility l length of slope. Factors that affect water erosion from construction areas. Intraoral disease is a common occurrence in patients with eating disorders, particularly dental erosion.

Understanding the basic processes and factors that are responsible for inducing land degradation, particularly soil erosion and associated phenomena is critical. Clay minerals are moved by water from near the soil surface to deeper in the developing profile. Environment agency thinksoils factors that influence erosion and runoff soil surface roughness factors that influence erosion and runoff soil surface roughness 3 ploughed land provides surface storage of rainwater soil surface roughness soil surface roughness rough surfaces e. Understanding the factors influencing rill erosion on. The factors listed earlier have been organized in a framework of six categories with a number of subfactors as shown in the following table. Factors influencing the adoption of soil and water. Slow geological process of construction and destruction is going on the surface of earth for millions of years because earth is old enough and has been completely leveled by weathering and erosion. Give factors that influence the rate of erosion by a river in its upper course. Factors affecting furrow erosion nwisrl publications. Pdf concept of wind erosion and factors affecting the rate of. Elsevier soil technology 11 1997 3118 soil technology factors affecting changes in erosion status in the swaziland middleveld r.